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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">upravlenie</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Государственное и муниципальное управление. Ученые записки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State and municipal management. Scholar notes</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-1690</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-0290</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Южно-Российский институт управления</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2079-1690-2023-1-3-55-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">FDYOTX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">upravlenie-323</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭКОНОМИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROBLEMS OF ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Состояние и факторы развития международного туризма в странах Ближнего Востока</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Condition and factors of development of international tourism in Middle Eastern countries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9972-9736</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронина Татьяна Васильевна – доктор экономических наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой мировой экономики и международных отношений ЮФУ.</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Voronina – Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of World Economy and International Relations of Southern Federal University.</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.v.voronina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-8336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яценко</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatsenko</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яценко Ашхен Борисовна – кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры мировой экономики и международных отношений ЮФУ.</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ashkhyen B. Yatsenko – Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Associate Professor at the Department of World Economy and International Relations of Southern Federal University.</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ashkhen@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6627-4327</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хедер</surname><given-names>З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kheder</surname><given-names>Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хедер Зуха – аспирант экономического факультета ЮФУ.</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zouha Kheder – Postgraduate of the Faculty of Economics of Southern Federal University.</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">heder@sfedu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Южный федеральный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Southern Federal University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воронина Т.В., Яценко А.Б., Хедер З., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воронина Т.В., Яценко А.Б., Хедер З.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voronina T.V., Yatsenko A.B., Kheder Z.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://upravlenie-uriu.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/323">https://upravlenie-uriu.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/323</self-uri><abstract><p>Развитие международного въездного туризма для стран Ближнего Востока является ключевым направлением диверсификации экономики, формирует благоприятные долгосрочные экономические перспективы и укрепляет позитивный имидж региона в мире. Цель исследования заключается в оценке текущего состояния и выявлении факторов развития международного туризма в регионе Ближний Восток для обоснования приоритетных направлений развития туризма с учетом страновых особенностей. На основе сравнительного анализа по основным показателям развития туризма выявлена значительная дифференциация стран и различный вклад экспорта туристических услуг в развитие национальных экономик. Наибольший вклад экспорт туристических услуг вносит: в национальный ВВП в Ливане, Иордании, Бахрейне, ОАЭ; в национальный экспорт – в ОАЭ, Саудовской Аравии, Египте; в совокупный экспорт услуг – в Палестинской Автономии, Иордании, Саудовской Аравии, Ливане, Египте, Ираке. Выявлены страны-лидеры регионального рынка – ОАЭ, Саудовская Аравия, Египет, на которые приходится две трети экспорта туристических услуг региона Ближний Восток. На основе выявления средних значений по региону по каждому показателю авторами ранжированы страны на группы «выше среднего» и «ниже среднего» для учета страновой специфики развития туризма. В процессе анализа авторами обоснованы и классифицированы позитивные и деструктивные факторы развития туризма в регионе. В качестве приоритетных направлений развития туризма для стран региона сформулированы следующие предложения: акцентировать внимание на: развитии современной инфраструктуры туризма, особенно в Йемене, Ливане, Бахрейне, Кувейте; популяризации достопримечательностей; восстановлении доверия туристов к безопасности в регионе (Сирия, Ирак, Палестинская автономия, Израиль и др.); диверсификации туристического продукта, (ОАЭ, Катар, Израиль, Египет, Саудовская Аравия); предоставлении комплексных услуг (ОАЭ, Саудовская Аравия, Бахрейн); углублении межправительственного сотрудничества и создание совместного регионального туристического продукта (для всех стран региона).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Development of international tourism is a key direction for economic diversity of Middle Eastern countries. It provides favorable long-time economic aspects and enhances positive image of the region. The purpose of the research is to assess the current state and identify the factors of development of international tourism in the Middle East in order to validate priorities for tourism development applying specific features of each country. Based on comprehensive analysis of the main indicators of tourism, authors identified significant differentiation among countries and different contributions of tourism service exports to the development of national economies. The largest contribution of tourism service export is made by Lebanon, Jordan, Bahrain and the UAE to the national GDP and by the UAE, Saudi Arabia and Egypt to the national exports. In terms of aggregate service exports the Palestinian Authority, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Egypt and Iraq have the highest contributions. The leading countries in the region are the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt, which account for two-thirds of the tourism service exports in the Middle East. Based on determining the average values for the region for each indicator, the authors ranked countries into "above average" and "below average" groups to account for the specific characteristics of tourism development in each country. Through the analysis, the authors justified and classified positive and destructive factors of tourism development in the region. The following priorities for tourism development were formulated for countries: focusing on the development of modern tourism infrastructure, especially in Yemen, Lebanon, Bahrain, and Kuwait; promoting tourist attractions; restoring tourist trust in the region's security (Syria, Iraq, Palestinian Authority, Israel, etc.); diversifying the tourism product (UAE, Qatar, Israel, Egypt, Saudi Arabia); providing comprehensive services (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain); deepening intergovernmental cooperation and creating a joint regional tourism product (for all countries in the region).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Ближний Восток</kwd><kwd>въездной туризм</kwd><kwd>инфраструктура туризма</kwd><kwd>международный туризм</kwd><kwd>факторы туризма</kwd><kwd>экспорт туристических услуг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>international tourism</kwd><kwd>outbound tourism</kwd><kwd>Middle East</kwd><kwd>tourism export service</kwd><kwd>tourism factors</kwd><kwd>tourism infrastructure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Монг Тхи Фыонг Тхао, Змияк. 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