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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">upravlenie</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Государственное и муниципальное управление. Ученые записки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State and municipal management. Scholar notes</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-1690</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-0290</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Южно-Российский институт управления</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2079-1690-2023-1-1-285-292</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">upravlenie-376</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЛОВО МОЛОДЫМ УЧЕНЫМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>YOUNG SCIENTISTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт Китая в либерализации счета операций с капиталом через программы стимулирования инвестиций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>China's experience in capital account liberalization through investment programs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1131-7447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васюков</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasyukov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Александрович Васюков – аспирант экономического факультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Vasyukov – Postgraduate Student of the Faculty of Economics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasyukov.e@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>285</fpage><lpage>292</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васюков Е.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васюков Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasyukov E.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://upravlenie-uriu.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/376">https://upravlenie-uriu.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/376</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Китайская экономика является не только одной из самых крупных экономик мира, но и страной, которая на протяжении последних 10 лет показывает высокие темпы роста ВВП. Основой экономики после открытия рынков стали иностранные инвестиции. Несмотря на несколько глобальных периодов турбулентности, Китай смог накопить значительный опыт стимулирования притока долгосрочных финансовых потоков. Это стало возможным благодаря обширным государственным программам, направленным как на портфельные инвестиции, так и прямые иностранные инвестиции (ПИИ). В 2022 г. российская экономика столкнулась с ситуацией, когда в результате как санкций, так и ограничений на движение капитала, возможности иностранного инвестирования резко снизились. </p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Исследование практики и результатов использования различных программ привлечения инвестиций.</p></sec><sec><title>Методология</title><p>Методология. Основными методами стал системный и исторический подходы, с использованием которых удалось установить закономерности и выделить отличительные черты инвестиционных  программ.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Поскольку для развития экономики требовалось в короткие сроки создать и развить целые отрасли, приоритетом политики Китая по привлечению инвестиций, стали ПИИ. Став нетто-получателем инвестиций, вместе с накоплением лучших отраслевых практик, происходило развитие национальных производителей. Это стало особенно важно при переходе к модели роста, основанного на внутреннем спросе. Для углубления финансовых рынков, необходимых для дальнейшего развития национальных рынков создавались и последовательно вводились программы для инвесторов в фондовые рынки. Наличие жестких контролей за движением разного вида капитала позволяло, с одной стороны, снизить приток и отток спекулятивного капитала, но с другой – бюрократические процедуры и необходимость одобрений подрывали рост и развитие конкуренции. Постепенная либерализация контролей, разработка схем инвестирования и приход инвесторов позволили существенным образом улучшить качество функционирования фондового рынка, а правила по конвертации валюты позволяют гибко управлять давлением на валютный курс. Все это воплотилось в стабильном притоке инвестиций и низких рисках резкого оттока, что видно по динамике инвестиций в период торговых войн и пандемии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The Chinese economy is not only one of the largest economies in the world, but also a country that has shown high GDP growth rates over the past 10 years. After opening the capital account, foreign investment became the basis of the economy. Despite several global periods of turbulence, China has been able to accumulate significant experience in stimulating the inflow of long-term financial flows. This was made possible by extensive government programs aimed at both portfolio investment and FDI.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Study the practice and results of using various foreign investment stimulation programs.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. The main methods were systemic and historical approaches, with the use of which it was possible to establish patterns and highlight the distinctive features of investment programs.</p></sec><sec><title>Findings</title><p>Findings. Since Chinese economy’s growth required creation and development of entire industries in  a short period of time, FDI became a priority. With achieving net recipient of investments status, along with  the accumulation of the best industry practices, local national manufacturers developed significantly. This  became especially important in the transition to a growth model based on domestic demand. To deepen  the financial markets, special portfolio investment programs were introduced. The presence of strict controls over the movement of various types of capital made it possible, on the one hand, to reduce the inflow and outflow of speculative capital, but on the other hand, bureaucratic procedures and the need for approvals undermined the growth and development of competition. The gradual liberalization of controls, the development of investment schemes and the arrival of investors have made it possible to significantly improve the quality of the functioning of the stock market, and currency repatriation rules allow flexible management of exchange rate pressures. All this was embodied in a stable inflow of investments and low risks of a sudden outflows, which was illustrated trade wars and the pandemic.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>привлечение прямых иностранных инвестиций</kwd><kwd>портфельные инвестиции</kwd><kwd>валютная политика Китая</kwd><kwd>финансовые рынки</kwd><kwd>движение капитала</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stimulation of foreign direct investment</kwd><kwd>portfolio investment</kwd><kwd>China's currency policy</kwd><kwd>financial markets</kwd><kwd>capital movement</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang B, Sun T. How Effective are Macroprudential Policies in China? IMF Working Paper. 2013; 1–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang B, Sun T. How Effective are Macroprudential Policies in China? 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