Introduction. Over the past five years, the CIS countries have been undergoing significant institutional changes, with the state assuming a new and more active role in the economy. These transformations are related to the further development of the private sector and, as a result, require changes in enterprise management systems. In the Republic of Uzbekistan, these processes are accompanied by growth in infrastructure investment, increased demand for external project financing, and higher requirements for transparency and managerial accountability. In addition, changes in the business models of construction companies are driven by the transition to a green economy, which increases the need to consider environmental factors in company activities. In this context, corporate governance becomes especially important; however, industry-specific features and institutional limitations constrain its implementation in the construction sector.

The purpose of this paper is to identify key problems, constraints, and other critical factors that affect the pace of adaptation of corporate governance mechanisms in construction companies in Uzbekistan, particularly in the context of the green economy, while considering the institutional environment of the CIS countries.

Materials and methods. The study is based on an institutional approach aimed at identifying the factors that hinder the widespread adoption of corporate governance among construction enterprises, which are largely composed of SMEs. Corporate governance is viewed as the result of interaction between regulatory requirements, industry characteristics, and established management practices. The research employs institutional and sectoral analysis, analysis of official statistical data, and logical reasoning to identify the links between ownership structure, financial characteristics of the sector, and the potential for implementing corporate governance and ESG practices. The empirical base includes official statistical data of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period 2015–2024.

Results. The findings confirm that a sound corporate governance model has not yet been developed in the construction sector, constraining the widespread adoption of modern management practices by enterprises. Corporate governance principles are applied unevenly and in a fragmented manner, and are mainly observed in state-owned and quasi-state organizations. It has been established high concentration of ownership, a combination of ownership and management functions, and the dominance of a projectbased business model ddistinguish the private sector. In this context, many companies are reluctant to implement green practices in their operations. Since ESG principles are an integral part of modern corporate governance, the current situation highlights the need to develop a hybrid corporate governance model adapted to the construction sector.

Conclusions. The development of corporate governance in the construction sector of Uzbekistan depends not on the creation of new institutions as such, but largely on better coordination of existing mechanisms. This includes strengthening the link between corporate governance, access to finance, and public procurement, developing project-oriented control mechanisms, and gradually integrating ESG approaches into the investment and contractual logic of construction projects.

Introduction. The transformation of Russia's economic inequality in the context of geopolitical challenges and the integration of new regions actualizes the tasks of analyzing the reproductive imbalances of territorial development. The spatial development of the national economy is characterized by a stable asymmetry in the indicators of gross regional product and the actual final consumption of households, which requires a rethink of approaches to regional policy. The integration of the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics, Zaporizhia and Kherson regions into the socio-economic space of the Russian Federation takes place in conditions of deep interregional differentiation that has formed at all stages of the reproductive cycle. New regions are characterized by deformed parameters of demographic and economic processes, which necessitates the development of special mechanisms for their spatial development. An analysis of the territorial proportions of the Russian economy shows that the traditional policy of income redistribution, with certain positive results in smoothing social inequality, does not provide qualitative structural shifts in the spatial development of regions. The integration of new territories into the system of inter-regional economic relations requires the formation of a stable production base capable of generating primary incomes and stimulating domestic demand.

Purpose. To identify the features of the spatial development of the Russian economy through the analysis of the reproductive parameters of the regions and substantiate the directions of regional policy in the context of the integration of new territories. The key hypothesis is that ensuring sustainable spatial development requires modification of reproduction proportions based on the formation of the production base and the growth of primary incomes of the population, which is especially important for new regions at the initial stage of integration processes.

Materials and methods. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, presented in information and analytical materials and statistical publications, were mainly used as a statistical and analytical base for the preparation of the study. To reliably record trends in economic differentiation, an array of data has been used since 2000; due to the publication of annual estimates of the gross regional product with a lag of 1.5 years (actually more), calculations are limited to 2023. The use of an array of information transmitted by subjects of federal statistical accounting, administrative data ensures the objectivity and stability of the assessment, the ability to compare the results (subject to the invariance of methods) for different periods / points in time. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach, methods of statistical analysis (typological groupings, analysis of series of dynamics, tabular presentation of data).

Results. The study identified key trends and factors of regional socio-economic differentiation in the Russian Federation. The task of positive economic alignment remains important, but requires the adaptation of assessment methods (including indicators and their target parameters), mechanisms and tools. The results of the study contribute to the expansion of ideas about the spatial structure of the Russian economy in the context of the implementation of new actors (Azov Sea macro-region).

Conclusions. The stable nature of the majority of the imbalances in the territorial development of the Russian Federation, expressed in the asymmetric parameters of the reproduction process, determines the search for means and tools to achieve real progress. The traditional alignment of the levels of regional socio-economic development through the policy of redistribution is not the dominant state regulation at the present stage.

Introduction. The comparative analysis of national energy systems in the context of the global energy transition requires a shift from traditional comparisons based on absolute production volumes to more sophisticated methodologies. Aggregated indicators, including per capita production, do not reflect the structural features of countries' energy balances, which hinders the identification of their real technological profile and position in the global energy architecture.

Purpose. To develop a methodology for the multidimensional clustering of countries based on the detailed structure of electricity production and to determine Russia's place in the emerging coordinate system, identifying its closest technological analogues.

Methods. Based on 2023 data from EIA, the Energy Institute, and BP for 210 countries worldwide, electricity production was decomposed into 10 components by source (gas, oil, coal, hydro, nuclear, wind, solar, geothermal, bioenergy, other renewables). Indicators were normalized per 100,000 population. Methods of standardization (z-score), dimensionality reduction (PCA), and hierarchical clustering were used.

Results. As a result of cluster analysis, four homogeneous groups of countries were identified: Purple cluster (144 countries): Dominance of natural gas (42%) and hydropower (25%). Russia is a member of this group. Red cluster (22 countries): Oil-dependent island states (75% oil). Orange cluster (13 countries): Coal-gas economies (44% coal, 20% gas). Includes China and Australia. Green cluster (31 countries): Diversified systems with a balance of nuclear (13%), renewable (21%), and traditional generation. Includes the USA, EU countries, and Japan. Russia ranks 9th within its cluster in terms of specific production (0.77 TWh/100,000 population).

Conclusions

1. A country's true position in the global energy landscape is determined not by absolute generation volumes, but by the structure of its energy balance, which shapes a unique technological and strategic profile.
2. Russia belongs to the largest yet least diversified "gas-hydro" cluster, indicating a high dependency on a limited set of sources and the associated risks to energy system resilience.
3. The fundamentally distinct positioning of the absolute leaders – China, the USA, and Russia – in separate clusters empirically confirms profound differences in their national energy strategies and development trajectories.
4. To align with global trends and strengthen its long-term energy security, Russia requires a systematic diversification of its energy balance, relying on the development of nuclear power and new renewable energy sources.

Introduction. The relevance of the research topic is due to the growing demand for health improvement and medical rehabilitation services against the background of the emerging need for import substitution in the field of sanatorium treatment, as well as the growing importance of medical and wellness tourism. The dynamic development of the field of medical and wellness tourism determines the need to build an integrated system of its strategic management. The specifics of the management facility, characterized by a multi-level architecture and process orientation, require the introduction of comprehensive diagnostic tools to assess the effectiveness of management decisions.

Purpose. To analyze the strategic management system of HWT in the Russian Federation, evaluate the tools used, and then develop a comprehensive model and practical recommendations for improving the management effectiveness of this sector.

Materials and methods. The methodological basis is based on system and process approaches, methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific concepts, as well as mathematical modeling for quantifying the effectiveness of medical and wellness tourism management. Work in the field of regional economics and spatial development is of great methodological importance in the framework of the study. The concept of cluster development forms the methodological basis for the creation of territorial entities combining sanatorium-resort organizations, medical institutions, transport companies and related services. The theoretical reconstruction of the strategic management system of medical and wellness tourism involves a comprehensive synthesis of scientific paradigms. The fundamental basis is the theory of public administration, which reveals the specifics of regulating socially significant sectors of the economy. In relation to resort and wellness tourism, this is reflected in the analysis of mechanisms for coordinating the interests of the actors of the system.

Results. The essence of key categories is clarified, and approaches to HWT strategic management are systematized. A comprehensive two-level model is developed that integrates the management architecture and the process cycle, enabling the assessment of the coordination of actions at the federal, regional, municipal, and business entity levels. An original mathematical model for calculating an integrated management performance indicator (IPI) has been proposed and tested. This model serves as a tool for assessing the current state of the industry and formulating a sound strategic agenda. The problem of improving the effectiveness of the management cycle, particularly the strategic analysis and control stages, is explored. Promising development areas are identified, including strengthening government regulation, interdepartmental cooperation, and the implementation of a balanced system of industry KPIs.

Conclusions. The use of the developed multilevel model, which acts as a system-forming tool within the framework of a process-oriented approach, will contribute to improving the effectiveness of strategic management of medical and wellness tourism. A comprehensive vision of industry management, integrating theoretical concepts and practical mechanisms, creates the prerequisites for the formation of a balanced and adaptive system. The use of an integral performance indicator provides an objective diagnosis of the current state and forms an evidence base for making informed management decisions at all levels.

Introduction. The digital economy, which the Russian Federation has embarked on, consists of a set of automated control systems, the effectiveness of each of which determines the effectiveness of the entire digital economy. Therefore, one of the main tasks that needs to be solved on the way to its construction is the creation of a fundamentally new, cost-effective architecture for building automated control systems.

Purpose. This scientific study pursues the fundamental objective of systematizing and precisely formulating the postulates for constructing automated control systems (ACS) based on synthetic nervous systems (SNS). It represents a logical extension of the authors' publication series dedicated to a comprehensive assessment of the economic efficiency of this paradigm in developing data acquisition automation and process control systems. The proclaimed economic advantages, thoroughly analyzed in prior research, are attainable exclusively through strict and unwavering adherence to these postulates; their violation entirely nullifies or substantially diminishes the positive economic effect of SNS implementation.

Methods. The methodological foundation encompasses a systematic and comprehensive analysis of an extensive corpus of technical and scientific literature on ACS development and optimization. Building on this, the authors consolidated the identified principles under the unified designation "SNS construction postulates", providing detailed descriptions of each alongside quantitative evaluations of their economic impacts. The approach leverages simple yet universal engineering practices, which despite their evident nature to specialists have previously lacked clear and consolidated formulation in available publications.

Results. As the key result, postulates are formulated, positioned as fundamental directives and imperatives of design. Thorough assimilation and application of the postulates is declared mandatory for every automation system integration engineer, guaranteeing the achievement of economic efficiency in automation systems. The formulated postulates will not surprise qualified specialists due to their obvious logical simplicity and practical validity. Conclusions. Synthetic nervous systems are a new direction in the development of automated control systems. Russia could become a leader in their production and the birthplace of this technology. It is obvious that the economy of the future is not a digital economy or even a knowledge economy, but, above all, an economy of high, knowledge–intensive technologies. One of the ways the Russian Federation can succeed in the world of the economic future is to find new, more effective methods of using the technologies available to it, even if they are foreign. The development of synthetic nervous system technology is one such way.

Introduction. The most important component of the personnel management of an enterprise is the management of the behavior of employees. Confirmation of the increasing need to improve the management of  the behavior of the personnel of an enterprise (organization) is the growth in the last decade of specialized publications devoted to the analysis of various aspects of this multifaceted socio-economic problem. The relevance of the study is due, on the one hand, to the unconditional recognition of effective management of the behavior of the company's personnel as the most important lever for improving labor productivity and the level of labor motivation of employees, and, on the other hand, to the imperfection (in fact, the lack) of specialized methodological tools.

Purpose. Develop specialized methodological tools adequate to substantiated theoretical foundations of diagnostics and management of the company personnel behavior; to test it in order to confirm the scientific hypothesis regarding the optimal type of the concept of personnel behavior management (CMS). Theoretical foundations and methodological tools. The theoretical foundations of the research are associated with the designation of the essence of the key definition of «personnel behavior management»; systematization of the characteristic features of traditional and motivational concepts of personnel behavior management; justification of the legitimacy of the allocation of an intermediate concept accumulating three subtypes. The developed methodological toolkit combines two original methods: a methodology for diagnosing the type of personnel behavior management concept implemented by an enterprise and a methodology for identifying the type of priority profile of the analyzed personnel behavior management parameters.

Results. The main results of the study can be legitimately reduced to the following points: the theoretical foundations of diagnostics and management of personnel behavior have been clarified; specialized methodological tools have been developed; using the example of five enterprises of the basic experiment, practical testing of two author's methods has been carried out, confirming their adequacy to their purpose; the erroneous positioning of the motivational concept of personnel behavior management as uniquely optimal has been established; The dependence of the level of staff motivation on the degree of conformity of the types of implemented personnel behavior management concept and the priority profile of the analyzed personnel behavior management parameters is revealed.

Conclusions. According to the confirmed hypothesis about the optimal concept of personnel behavior management, two ways of matching the types of CMS and priority profiles of CMS parameters are possible, associated either with the adjustment of the implemented concept of personnel behavior management to the priority profile, or with the reverse adjustment. It is emphasized that each enterprise has the right to make its choice based on the specifics and strategic development priorities.

Introduction. Currently, the problem of inclusivity in general and ensuring accessibility of tourism for people with disabilities has transformed from a peripheral social task into one of the central indicators of the quality of life and maturity of civil society. Tourism, being not only a branch of the economy, but also a form of social activity, cultural exchange and self-realization, is an important marker of social inclusion. The article is devoted to the analysis of digital inequality as a systemic barrier to the development of inclusive tourism. The relevance of the topic is due to the contradiction between the enormous potential of digital technologies to ensure the accessibility of tourism and the risk of creating new forms of social exclusion for people with disabilities.

Purpose. Assessment of the structural imbalances and technological gaps that shape digital inequalities in inclusive tourism, and shaping strategic directions and tactical measures to build an effective digital ecosystem, able to ensure the accessibility of tourist services for all nosological groups of people with disabilities.

Methods. Categorical, classification and comparative analysis, statistical data processing methods, evolutionary-historical approach, content analysis and case study, institutional approach.

Results. Analysis of the author's database of implemented cases revealed a number of key imbalances. First, there is a pronounced nosological gap: most solutions are created for people with musculoskeletal and visual impairments, while projects for individuals with mental characteristics and multiple pathologies are isolated. Secondly, there is a significant technological lag of Russian solutions (medium-complexity web applications) behind foreign counterparts utilizing artificial intelligence and Internet of Things technologies. Thirdly, an extreme territorial and sectoral concentration of projects in capital museums and transport infrastructure was identified, with a deficit in the regions and in such segments as the hospitality industry and food service.

Conclusions. To overcome digital inequality and transition from fragmented solutions to a universal ecosystem, a set of measures is necessary. Strategically, it is required to formulate a national program, develop partnerships between IT companies, the tourism business, and NGOs, as well as establish competence centers. Tactically, it is important to create a unified registry of digital solutions and stimulate cross-platform development. Only systematic institutional work will make it possible to realize the social and economic potential of inclusive tourism.

Introduction. Design approaches to solving creative problems are a very common practice in the creative industries. The tasks of increasing labor productivity based on special creative methods of project management in the creative industries are an urgent task of marketing as a management tool in the communication sphere.

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to substantiate, develop, and conduct a primary study using secondary statistical data on the creative industries of the Rostov Region. This study aims to identify the characteristics of the individual creative process in the marketing and communications sphere and methods for stimulating individual creative activity when designing marketing and communications products.

Methods. The presentation of the study results follows the IMRaD formula (Introduction-Methodology-Research Results-Conclusion). The theoretical and

methodological framework for the study is based on the authors' work exploring the management of intellectual and creative organizations and the creative process, as well as the characteristics of individual creativity. The research methodology synthesizes secondary and primary research and includes statistical data analysis to describe trends in the creative industries and substantiate the need to develop creative methods for stimulating individual creativity. Comparison, experimentation, and observation methods are used, as well as a structural-semantic analysis of experimental results. A classification method is used to summarize information on the use of individual methods for stimulating creative activity obtained through the experiment. A case study method is also used to elicit reflection on the use of methods for stimulating individual creativity. The primary field research presented in this article is the second stage of a series of studies devoted to the study of creative methods for project management. It focuses on identifying the specifics of creative methods used in the individual creative process. The object of the study was the development of marketing and communications projects in the advertising sector, and the subject was methods for stimulating individual creative activity.

Results. The study identified, described, and classified methods for stimulating individual creative activity used by young professionals in the creative industries when developing marketing and communications products. These methods include incubation, enhancing creative potential through physiological and emotional stimulation, socialization and obtaining approval from professional representatives, references and benchmarking, and configuring the environment for individual creative activity through the creation of an atmosphere and the use of rituals. However, the study revealed the limited use of specialized professional creative techniques for developing creative communications in the creative process.

Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrate the importance of describing, systematizing, and developing a methodology for using creative techniques in the development of communication products and communication projects based on a developed strategy, including strategic elements such as product concept and image, insights, values, and motivations of target audiences, key messages, key images, and creative strategies, with their subsequent implementation in the management practices of creative industries enterprises and individual creative processes. The scientific significance of this study, which combines primary and secondary methods, lies in the fact  that the authors demonstrated the need to develop a special area of marketing management – managing individual project activities based on creative methods. They also identified, classified, and described the creative methods used by young creative industry professionals in the development of communication products. The practical significance of the conducted research is that the authors presented the possibilities of increasing labor productivity and improving the quality of marketing and communication products by incorporating creative techniques for creating communication products and communication projects into the management system of individual creative project activities based on the developed strategy, which includes such strategic elements as the concept and image of the product, insights, values and motives of target audiences, key messages, key images and creative strategies.

Introduction. National security is a complex category, the determinants of which are embedded in the very foundations of human evolution, as well as in nation-state construction and the institutionalization of the political system and socio-political relations. Ensuring national security encompasses the security not only of the state but also of society, including strata and groups differentiated by various identity characteristics. Accordingly, a significant component of the national security of the Russian Federation as a multi-ethnic, multi-component federation is the security of ethnic communities through the satisfaction of ethno-identification needs and the optimization of ethno-political emphases, which is clearly evident in the North Caucasus region.

Purpose. Identifying ethno-identification needs (including deficits), as well as ethnopolitical emphases in the design and implementation of national security in the North Caucasus region.

Theoretical Basis. A categorical understanding of national security is linked to the assets of philosophical and socio-political knowledge, as well as the interdisciplinary methodology of dialectical scientific analysis. It allows us to identify politically determined, institutionally instrumental factors of national security, including political determination, nation-state building, the tradition of government-citizen relations, and others. Along with the philosophy of national security, the political science of national security has significant potential, considering it as an institution encompassing an ideological and doctrinal basis, programmatic and project-based goal-setting, an organizational and functional structure, and value properties differentiated across political time and space. A multi-paradigmatic approach to ethnicity as an identification complex allows us to identify not only cultural but also political projections of national (ethnic) self-determination, integrated into the modern Russian civil process.

Results. An important component of national security in a multiethnic and multicomponent Russian Federation is ethnic security as a guarantee that Russian citizens fulfill their needs in the field of ethnic identity. Disregard for the ethnic interests of citizens and at the same time uncontrolled politicization of ethnicity lead not only to ethnic conflicts, but also to separatism, extremism and terrorism, as well as to the threat of the collapse of the state. In this regard, the problem of ethno-identification needs and ethnopolitical accents, significantly differentiated by the communities of Russian regions, among which the North Caucasus stands out, is being actualized. Optimization of ethnic identification needs and ethnopolitical accents is promising within the framework of the new edition of the «Strategy of State National Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2036» (Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated November 25, 2025), which has a continuous and at the same time creative character in emphasizing the value vector of national policy.

Conclusions. The tasks of strengthening national security in the North Caucasus Federal District are defined, taking into account the current ethnic identification needs and appropriate ethnopolitical accents. These include: solving social problems, improving the quality of life, standard of living, and restructuring the social service system to optimize interethnic relations in the overall context of overcoming socio-cultural and economic problems of the population; analyzing and monitoring the dynamics of interethnic and interreligious processes, as well as determinants and possible vectors of national-cultural, nationalterritorial, national-state self-determination; ensuring ethno-cultural, ethno-linguistic, ethno-political security as a component of national security, taking into account the remaining internal regional and Russian risks, as well as risks of external geopolitical origin, etc.

Introduction. The article examines the role of the quality of political elites as a key factor in the sustainability of national security in the context of modern internal and external challenges. It analyzes the phenomenon of elite positioning, the mechanisms of elite recruitment and rotation, as well as their institutional, value-based, and communicative foundations. Special attention is given to the relationship between the professional competence, moral responsibility of the elite, and the ability of the state to achieve strategic development and self-preservation.

Purpose. To determine the role of the political elite as a system-forming element of national security, to identify the mechanisms of its influence on the stability of the state, and to substantiate the key institutional, axiological, and communicative factors that determine the quality and effectiveness of the elite corps in the context of modern threats.

Methods. The methodological basis of the study was based on a structural-functional analysis to determine the role of the elite in the system of power; an institutional approach to analyze the mechanisms of recruitment and rotation; an axiological analysis to identify the value foundations of the elite's positioning; and a comparative method to compare classical and modern concepts of elites.

Results. It was established that the institutional organization of the elite directly determines the ability of the government to maintain strategic continuity and prevent managerial degradation. The study reveals that the more transparent and formalized these mechanisms are, the lower the risks of nepotism, corruption, and dysfunction in public institutions. Additionally, the findings demonstrate that the value-normative foundation of the elite plays a crucial role in ensuring political stability. A high level of moral responsibility, strategic orientation, and commitment to public service enhances the resilience of the system, while the erosion of moral guidelines leads to an increase in the state's internal vulnerability. Taken together, the research findings confirm that the quality of the elite can be considered an integral indicator of national security: the higher the professional, value-based, and communicative competence of the elite, the more stable the functioning of political institutions and the greater the state's ability to adapt to modern threats.

Conclusions. The article proves that the political elite is a system-forming element of national security, as it provides strategic management, institutional stability, and the alignment of public interests. The effectiveness of the elite is determined by a combination of three factors: institutional organization, value-normative stability, and the quality of communication with society. A balanced interaction of these components strengthens state stability, while their dysfunction leads to a loss of legitimacy, managerial degradation, and an increase in internal threats. It has been established that transparent recruitment and rotation mechanisms, a well-developed training system, and a focus on meritocratic principles reduce the risks of nepotism and corruption. The quality of the elite can be considered a key indicator of national security: the higher its professional, moral, and communicative competence, the more stable and adaptable the state becomes.

Introduction. The deepening and increasing complexity of transitional processes caused by a strategic rejection of the model of pro-Western socio-political convergence and a shift toward a course of comprehensive civilizational sovereignization characterize the current stage of development of Russian society and the state. The intensification of geopolitical confrontation, military-political risks, sanctions pressure, and internal structural imbalances has exacerbated the problem of the effectiveness of public administration and the quality of ruling elites. Under these circumstances, the substantive and value-oriented aspects of political and managerial agency become especially important, thereby enhancing the relevance of elitological concepts as essential instruments for analyzing and predicting political evolution. Of special scientific and practical relevance is the study of the civilizational conditionality of the elite-formation process and the possibilities of its transformation within the emerging model of the «state-civilization,» aimed at mobilizing the internal potential of Russian society and ensuring the long-term sustainability of national development.

The purpose of the study is to conceptualize the civilizational conditionality of the elite-formation process in contemporary Russia, as well as to identify the conditions for enhancing the effectiveness of political and managerial agency in the context of the strategy of state-civilizational sovereignization.

The methodological framework of the study is based on the political-elitological paradigm and the civilizational approach. The research employs methods of doctrinal analysis, comparative-historical and systems approaches, and the results of an interregional expert survey conducted in 2024, aimed at assessing the state and value orientations of contemporary Russian political elites.

Results. The study demonstrates that the previously dominant universalist elitological mainstream is losing its relevance under conditions of a shift in Russia’s political course. The authors present a critical assessment of the limitations of administrative-bureaucratic governance mechanisms and elites oriented toward private and situational interests. The necessity of a civilizational re-norming of the elite-formation process is substantiated, including the principles of public service, responsibility, professionalism, patriotism, and acmeological selection. The authors’ vision of civilizational elite specificity is presented as a key factor in unlocking the mobilization potential of Russian society.

Conclusions. The article argues that the successful implementation of the «state-civilization» model is impossible without the formation of civilizationally oriented political elites. The activation of the mobilization capabilities of Russian society based on civilizational identity and sovereignty is regarded as a necessary condition for overcoming contemporary and potentially emerging risks and threats.

Introduction. In the context of socio-economic policy transformation accompanied by the digitalization of public political governance in the Russian healthcare system, growing attention is being paid to valuebased approaches that shift the focus from the volume of services provided to measurable health outcomes. The implementation of elements of value-based healthcare is associated with changes in the configuration of interaction between the state and business, highlighting the relevance of this issue and the significance of its political and institutional dimension.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the transformation of state-business interaction in the process of developing value-based healthcare instruments in Russia, taking into account current practices and institutional constraints.

Materials and methods. The study draws on legal acts, policy and program documents, public statements by government officials, materials from expert events and forums, as well as academic publications. The research employs methods of institutional and political analysis, a comparative approach, and elements of discourse analysis.

Results. In Russia, value-based healthcare functions primarily as a political and technological framework for strategic state decisions and has not yet achieved a fully institutionalized form. State-business interaction is shifting from the lobbying of individual decisions toward more complex formats of systemic dialogue; however, internal tension persists between the expansion of partnerships and the strengthening of regulatory control. Key areas of interaction are identified – digital platforms, data analytics, pharmaceutical initiatives, and patient support service models – along with institutional constraints that hinder the transition to outcome-based governance.

Conclusions. The transformation of state-business interaction takes the form of a redistribution of political responsibility in the healthcare sector. Business actors expand their presence in the design of governance instruments, expert formats, and the development of analytical solutions, while not gaining formal access to final political decision-making. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further analysis of mechanisms for aligning interests and redistributing risks in the implementation of valuebased healthcare models.

Introduction. The relevance of scientific research on the problems of forming the civic identity of students is due to the fact that it allows future specialists with higher education to form an idea of themselves as part of a certain country, as well as a sense and understanding of their own identity with other citizens and a willingness to carry out socially positive activities carried out for the common good. Civic consciousness or civic identity is the foundation of a system of personal values and worldviews that form the spiritual foundation of the country's national security.

Goal. The research is aimed at identifying the essence and promising ways of forming the civic identity of students in the system of modern Russian higher education, as well as at studying effective educational and educational methods that contribute to the formation of a developed and stable civic position of students based on adherence to traditional spiritual, moral and civic-patriotic values.

Methods. The article uses methods of comparative, statistical analysis, primary and secondary analysis of materials from applied sociological research, as well as scientific works by Russian scientists devoted to the problems of forming the civic identity of students in the system of modern Russian higher education.

Results. The formation of a developed civic consciousness among students is currently an important task for the higher education system, since in this case it is about developing students' civic position, their awareness of their belonging to the Russian people, society and the state, their willingness to contribute to the development of the country through creative work, commitment to traditional values. The results of sociological surveys of students of higher educational institutions indicate the demand for civil and patriotic actions among students, however, a significant part of students do not feel much interest in such events. Practice shows that interest in patriotic events among Russian students can be increased if these events are not conducted exclusively formally, but become socially and personally significant for each student.

Conclusions. Civic consciousness or civic identity is the foundation of a system of personal values and worldviews that form the spiritual foundation of the country's national security. Currently, there is an objective need to enhance the educational impact on students in order to instill in them fundamental civic and patriotic values. Effective activities aimed at the formation of a developed and stable civic identity of students of modern Russian universities involve the use of an integrative approach in the process of training specialists in the higher education system. In the framework of educational and educational processes, it is advisable to use both traditional and new pedagogical technologies involved in conducting classroom and extracurricular activities with students.

Introduction. Historical memory is one of the components of the formation of state-civil, regional, and ethnic types of social identity. When prioritizing the importance of Russian identity at the state level, the problem of studying the vector of interrelation and mutual influence of historical memory and types of social identity is actualized.

Purpose. To show the types of social identity, to assess the role of historical memory in the formation of patriotism among the Dagestani population, and the factors that consolidate modern Russian society.

The object of research of the study is the Dagestani population.

The subject of the study is the types of social identity among the Dagestani peoples and the sources of historical memory.

Methods. A sociological survey on the study of patriotism in modern Dagestan was conducted in the years In Makhachkala, Derbent, Kizlyar, Khasavyurt, Botlikh, Derbent, Levashinsky, Kazbekov, Kizlyar, Khasavyurt, Charodinsky districts of the Republic of Dagestan by random selection. N=967.

Results. Historical memory is one of the key foundations of citizens' civic and ethnic identities, symbolically uniting them through the legacy of the past and consolidating society. Based on the sociological data obtained, the article concludes that the Dagestani population values the republican and state-civil types of social identity. The key thesis of the article is the role of social identity and historical memory in shaping the patriotic attitudes of the Dagestani population and the integration of modern Russian society. In addition, many factors directly influence the formation of historical memory and its development vectors: human behavior, traditions, political preferences, and religious worldviews.

Conclusions:

– despite the dominance of the Republican type of identification in the public consciousness of the Dagestani peoples, Russian identity is in a leading position with a relatively weak expression of ethnic identity;

– the designation of commonality with Russians is a key factor, firstly, in the formation of patriotic attitudes, and secondly, in the reproduction of historical memory;

– sources of obtaining historical knowledge include films, TV programs about historical events, history textbooks, special historical literature, stories of older people, as well as family archives, with a low demand for museums;

– the consolidation factors of Russian society include: a) the idea of uniting the peoples to solve Russia's economic problems; b) the issues of technological development in order to revive Russia as a great power; c) the observance of the rule of law and the rights of citizens; d) the heroism of the Russian people in the Special Military Operation zone and the military power of the Russian army; and e) the presence of a strong and authoritative leader.

Introduction. Currently, a significant increase in threats from external and internal factors to the economic security of Russia, there is an increasing need to develop systematic approaches to the mechanism of countering their negative consequences.

Purpose. To justify the need to apply the institutional concept to the development of a mechanism for ensuring economic security and to propose areas for its improvement for Russia.

Methods. Within the institutional paradigm, the mechanism for ensuring economic security in Russia is examined as a set of formal institutions (laws, strategies, standards and practices of interaction) structuring the behavior of actors (the state, business, and the population), creating its integrity and increasing efficiency through risk minimization. Within the institutional approach, methods such as categorical and comparative analysis were employed, facilitating the clarification of the conceptual framework; documentary and content analysis were conducted to identify priorities, gaps, and contradictions within the mechanism; and system-structural analysis was used, concentrating on modeling a mechanism while identifying subsystems, outputs, and feedback.

Results and Conclusions. Economic security is considered as the most important component of national security and needs a state in which the economic system is stable and stable, regardless of the effects of external and internal environmental factors.

Based on the analysis of both external and internal environmental factors that adversely affect the effectiveness of public policy and reduce the level of economic security of the state, the authors propose ways to reduce these threats and improve the mechanism for ensuring Russia's economic security using an institutional approach. Among the four key areas proposed are: – improving the legislative framework in terms of streamlining and coordinating powers in matters of ensuring the protection of national economic interests, strengthening state power and rationalizing the mechanisms for developing and implementing economic policy; - structural restructuring of the national economy, considering the threshold values of socio-economic indicators; – protection of property rights and development of the private sector of the economy, taking into account the needs of structural restructuring of the economy and expansion of innovative activity; – harmonization of international relations in terms of the exchange of production experience and resources, considering mutual interests and priority goals of social development. The State must be provided with sufficient economic strength and resources to protect and maintain its priorities and improve the well-being of citizens.